In today's competitive business environment, mergers and acquisitions are important strategies for growth, expansion and consolidation. This is precisely why the topic of mergers and acquisitions is becoming increasingly important. The aim of this work is to provide a thorough theoretical framework for the merger and acquisition process, and to analyse the success of mergers using the example of the analysis of the results of the merger of two banks in the Croatian market. In doing so, two basic research questions are answered, one of which checks whether there is a growing trend in the value of mergers and acquisitions in the Republic of Croatia over the last decade, while the other checks whether the the acquisition of Splitska banka d.d. by OTP banka d.d., which took place in 2018, was successful. As a result, the work provides an analysis of mergers and acquisitions in the Republic of Croatia, as well as a contextual framework and a case study of the acquisition of Splitska banka d.d. by OTP banka d.d. In order to achieve the research objectives, a mixed research approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods was used. Data was collected by reviewing financial reports, annual reports, statistical reports and relevant professional literature to gain a thorough understanding of the whole issue. The results of the study show that the number and value of mergers and acquisitions in the Republic of Croatia have increased. The second part of the research shows that after the acquisition process, OTP banka d.d. has benefited from the advantages resulting from the indicators of profitability and competitive position in the banking market in the Republic of Croatia. Although the impact on commercial organisations depends on a number of variables that need to be analysed in detail and taken into account during the process of mergers and acquisitions, considering the ultimate benefits and advantages for companies that undertake these processes, it can be assumed that the trend of increasing value and number of mergers and acquisitions will continue, which is why more attention needs to be paid to research in this area.