The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is a policy of the European Union that provides support to farmers so that farmers are able to produce high-quality and affordable food for the citizens of the European Union. The Common Agricultural Policy consists of a series of laws adopted by the European Union in order to enable member countries to have a single policy in the field of agriculture. The elements of CAP are financing and budget, pillars of CAP, regional policy and specific programs and measures. The main challenges today in the CAP are: the CAP is weakened by external pressures and disrupted by the enlargement of the European Union, taking into account the environmental and climate challenges of agriculture in the CAP and the Green Plan, managing risks in agriculture and strengthening the bargaining power of farmers, the budget of the CAP and the distribution of direct subsidies and the necessary coordination of the CAP with other European policies, especially trade policy. ZPP subsidies are direct payments, support for rural development, support for young farmers, environmental programs and market support measures. Market measures are measures and rules for regulating and supporting the marketing of agricultural products. They want to achieve the stability of the agricultural market, prevent the worsening of the crisis and want to stimulate demand and help the agricultural sector in the European Union to better adapt to the market. The ten objectives of the ZPP for the period 2023 - 2027 are: fair income, competitiveness, value chain of food products, climate change, environmental care, landscapes, generational renewal, rural areas, food and health, and knowledge and innovation. The thesis looks into how the productivity and income of farmers, as well as rural development and sustainability, are used to determine the true impact of the Common Agricultural Policy on agriculture in Europe. The study is broken up into eight chapters and employed both document analysis and meta-analysis techniques.