| Abstract | Međunarodna logistika obuhvaća proizvodnju, skladištenje, transport te komunikacijsko informacijski sustav zbog kojeg je omogućeno djelovanje svih elemenata sustava. Cilj svakog
poslovnog subjekta je prodati svoje proizvode ili usluge, međutim to nije uvijek tako
jednostavno. Postoji više čimbenika koji djeluju na to, a posebno od velikog značaja su to
vanjski čimbenici: pravno-političko okruženje, ekonomsko, socio-kulturno i tehnološko
okruženje. Pravno-političko okruženje se odnosi na propise i zakone donesene od strane države,
političku stabilnost, zakonodavnu vlast i drugo. Ekonomsko okruženje obuhvaća bruto domaći
proizvod, kupovnu moć stanovništva, stopu nezaposlenosti, kamatne stope i slično. Sociokulturno okruženje uključuje demografiju, kulturološke stavove, stupanj obrazovanja
stanovništva, vjeru, religiju i sl. Tehnološko okruženje se najbrže mijenja i važno je biti u korak
s njim jer raskorak dovodi do propasti. Razvoj tehnike i tehnologije dovodi do mijenjanja
navika i ponašanja ljudi, ali vidljiv je i utječe na sve djelatnosti. Transport je također pod
utjecajem tog razvoja. Roba se mora prevesti od točke A do točke B u istom stanju kao i kad je
ukrcana u transportno sredstvo, po mogućnosti što brže i jeftinije. Tu robu prati propisana
dokumentacija, također određeni su i načini plaćanja. Uz svako poslovanje se osim profita
pojavljuju i određeni rizici, ali uz pomoć prave logističke strategije se mogu uvelike smanjiti. |
| Abstract (english) | International logistics includes production, storage, transport, and communication-information
system, for which was enabled the operation of all system elements. The purpose of every
business is to sell its products or services, but it's not always that easy. There are several factors
that act on, and the most important ones are external factors: the legal and political, the
economic environment, socio-cultural and technological environment The legal and political
environment refers to regulations and laws passed by states, political stability, the legislature
and more. The economic environment includes gross domestic product, the purchasing power
of the population, unemployment rate, interest rates, etc. The socio-cultural environment
includes demographics, cultural stance, degree of education of the population, religion, beliefs,
etc. The technological environment is changing fastest and it is important to keep up with it,
otherwise, there is a possibility of failure. Technological development leads to a change of and
human behavior, but is visible and affects all activities. Transport is also affected by this
development. The goods need to be transported from point A to B in the same condition as
when loaded on the means of transport, preferably as quickly and cheaply as possible. These
goods must have the required documentation, which also specifies a payment method. With
profit, there are certain risks in every business but with the use of right strategies, they could be
reduced. |
