It is an inevitable fact that health is, to a significant extent, determined by the physical, emotional, mental and social abilities of an individual and necessarily requires the adjustment of quality of life, physical activity and eating habits. Nevertheless, the fact that health is of special interest to a particular country, but also the economic system of that country, must not be overlooked. Furthermore, health care systems have been developed in the historical and political context of each country and are continuously evolving to be able to respond to the challenges of demographic, economic and epidemiological changes, public awareness and expectations, and changes in health technology. At the level of the European Union, there are evident attempts to implement the health balance in all member states in order to improve the qualitative (but also quantitative) health care system and try to achieve almost equal rights for all citizens of the European Union. As the health care system belongs to one of the most important, but also independent public services and implies the management of large (mostly public) systems and costly processes, it is not always easy to enable the most "equal" and top health system and services. Observing the health systems of Croatia, Austria, Germany and Slovakia, their structural features and ways of financing health care will be analyzed. At the end of the research, an attempt will be made to point out what are the current development trends and the challenges of the modern health system.