In the first part of the final paper ”Analysis of the Fertlizer Market in the Republic of Croatia”, an analysis of the development of Croatian agriculture has been conducted, with the aim of determining the place and role of agriculture in the national economy. The first part of the paper is also the foundation for the analysis of the mineral fertilizer market in Croatia. In the second part of the final paper, an analysis of the mineral fertilizer market has been conducted, a market that is completely bound to the agricultural sector, as well as the analysis of the joint-stock company Petrokemija (Petrokemija d. d.) as a crucial economic agent in the Croatian sector of mineral fertilizers. Turbulent changes which occurred in Croatia during the 20th century resulted in severe consequences for the Croatian production volume. Critical areas in the agricultural production have been analyzed, the causes of stagnation in agriculture are being determined and difficulties, which the Croatian agriculture has been facing, are being explained. Furthermore, an insight into the production and types of mineral fertilizers is being offered, as well as into the process of fertilization. The goal of this paper was the analysis of the mineral fertilizer market in Croatia, along with the analysis of production, consumption and market of mineral fertilizers in Croatia and worldwide. A special review was given on the place and role of JSC Petrokemija in the Croatian economy. The company, with its annual average production of 1. 176 million tons, takes the place of a crucial economic agent that produces and sells mineral fertilizers. Considering that the company has great economic problems, the reasons are analyzed which have caused the company’s brink of collapse.